Memory Retention

Introduction

Memory retention is a fundamental component in our daily lives as it influences how we learn while also enhancing our social interactions. The term refers to the brain’s ability to remember and store information over a period of time which can be affected by numerous factors such as time, age, or emotional state. Our memories are one of the brain’s most important assets as it is something everyone relies on every day. However, this skill is temporary as studies suggest that humans forget approximately 50% of new information within an hour of learning it. Fortunately, by understanding the process of memory retention and adopting strategies to improve this skill, individuals can strengthen their memory retention.

How does memory work?

Memories refer to the continuous process of memory retention over a certain period of time.  It is a vital part of the brain since it allows individuals to recall and draw upon past events that help to shape their actions in the present day. Additionally. memories allow individuals to have a timeframe that assists them in differentiating between the present and the future. Hence, memory plays a crucial role in our lives in which understanding the process is essential. 

Three main processes characterize how memory works: 

1. Encoding 

This first process indicates the point at which new information is initially taken in and learned. Information can typically be encoded into our brains through various methods such as acoustic encoding (sound), visual (appearance), semantic (meaning), and tactile (feeling). Before memories are stored through these means it has to be understood and altered to shorten the input and support the brain’s storage.

2. Storage 

Storage refers to how and where encoded information is retained in memory. The modal model of memory identifies two types: short-term memory (STM) and long-term memory (LTM). The encoded information is first stored in STM, which lasts 15–30 seconds and holds 5–9 items, in which constant rehearsal is needed to retain it. LTM, in contrast, has vast storage capacity and can retain information indefinitely. STM primarily stores acoustically encoded information, while LTM stores semantically, visually, and acoustically encoded information. 

3. Retrieval 

This is a process in which individuals access stored information. Information stored in STM and LTM are retrieved differently. While STM is retrieved in the order in which the data is stored such as a list of data, LTM is retrieved through association and understanding in which memories are triggered by a reminder. This final stage allows individuals to have access to their memories and make constant retrieval of them in the future depending on the time span of the memory.

These three stages combined are how the brain stores memory through encoding information by using the different recollection methods, storing them with consideration to the types of memories (short-term or long-term), and finally having access and being able to retrieve the memories for future usage.

How do we improve memory recall?

There are several ways to enhance memory recall, even amidst our fast-paced world. Although it may seem difficult to improve this skill at first thought, it is entirely possible with consistency and dedication. Memory recall is essential not only for professional success but also for building profound interpersonal relationships. By implementing effective memory recall techniques into your life, you will be equipped with better problem-solving skills and possess boosted efficiency in daily task completion. Here are some valuable evidence-based strategies that promote memory recall:

1. Visual Cues

Using visual tools like illustrations, photos, concept maps, and graphs can accelerate the learning process—and can be especially useful during exam preparation. Concept maps and graphs condense and simplify complex information, making it more understandable. Implementing visual cues into presentations may also be useful; seeing a certain visual in your slide deck will prompt you to remember the information associated with that visual.

2. Mnemonic Devices

Creating mnemonic devices can significantly aid the memorization process. By doing this, you form shortcuts in your mind to information that you might not easily remember otherwise, encoding this information into your long-term memory. A few types of mnemonic devices you can practice include acronyms, rhymes, and spelling mnemonics. 

3. Quality Lifestyle Choices

The most straightforward way to enhance memory recall is to make quality lifestyle decisions. For example, regular exercise (specifically cardio) is said to increase the size of the hippocampus—the area of the brain involved in memory consolidation and learning. Meditation has also been proven to enhance episodic memory, the recollection of everyday events. Ensuring that you are getting restful sleep increases concentration abilities, which in turn will increase your ability to focus on memorization.

Conclusion

Memory recall is a multifaceted process that can be enhanced through the use of various strategies and techniques. By gaining a deeper comprehension of this process and learning how to apply tools such as visualization, individuals can improve both short and long-term information retention. Through consistently using memory retention techniques and ensuring healthy lifestyle decisions, you will possess elevated recall ability and be better able to apply knowledge to real-world settings—ultimately boosting cognitive performance and educational outcomes.

Works Cited

How Memory Works. (n.d.). Derek Bok Center, Harvard University. https://bokcenter.harvard.edu/how-memory-works

LibGuides: Study Skills: Memory, Retention & Recall. (n.d.). https://libguides.bcit.ca/studyskills/memory

“Science-Backed Memory Tips and Recall Techniques | USAHS.” University of St. Augustine for Health Sciences, 8 May 2020, https://www.usa.edu/blog/science-backed-memory-tips/. Accessed 27 November 2024.

Staff, J. S. C. (2020, November 24). CuriouSTEM - Memory Retention. CuriouSTEM. https://www.curioustem.org/stem-articles/memory-retention#:~:text=Memory%20retention%20refers%20to%20the,lost%20as%20time%20goes%20on.